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Menstrual Cycle

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MENSTRUAL CYCLE The reproductive cycle of females is called the menstrual cycle. The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche. This cycle is repeated at an average interval of 28 days. During this cycle various changes occur simultaneously in the ovary and the uterus. This cycle consists of four phases. Menstrual Phase or Bleeding Phase Follicular Phase (Proliferative Phase) Ovulatory Phase Luteal Phase or Secretary Phase Menstrual Phase or Bleeding Phase The cycle starts with the menstrual phase. This phase lasts for about 3 – 5 days. During this cycle bleeding occurs from the uterus of the females. The bleeding occurs due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and it’s blood vessels which form liquid that comes out through vagina. Menstruation occurs only if the fertilization does not occur. The decreased LH production causes degeneration of corpus luteum which results in degeneration of uterine endometrium and the cycle star...
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Male Reproductive System

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The male reproductive system of man is formed of the following parts: (1) Scrotum   (2) Testes  (3) Accessory ducts  (4) Glands  (5) External genitalia (1) SCROTUM: The testes are situated outside the abdominal cavity in a pouch called scrotum. It helps in maintaining the low temperature about 2 °  to 2.50 ° C  lower than   the body temperature. Hence it is a thermoregulator. Low temperature is necessary for the development of sperms. (2) TESTES : There is a pair of testes. Each testis is oval in shape.The size of the testis is (4.5*3*2.5)cms in length,width and thickness. They are pinkish in color. They are the primary sex organs in man. Each testis is attached to the scrotum by a thick band called gubernaculum.With the abdominal cavity the testes are connected by spermatic cord. The scrotum is attached to abdominal cavity by inguinal canal. Anotomy of Testis: Each testis is surrounded by the three ...
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Asexual Reproduction

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Asexual Reproduction It is a kind of reproduction in which new individuals are formed from a single parent. There may or may not be gamete formation but there is no fusion of gametes. It is also known as uniparental mode of reproduction. The young ones formed through this process are exact copies of their parents. So they are also called clones of their parents. The members of  the group of clones are called ramets. Types of asexual reproduction There are many types of asexual reproduction. These are: fission, sporulation, budding, fragmentation and regeneration. Fission It is a type of asexual reproduction in which an individual divides into two or more individuals. It may be binary fission or multiple fission. Binary Fission  :  It is a mode of asexual reproduction in which the parent body divides into two equal halves. It may be simple, longitudinal, transverse or oblique binary fission. Simple Binary Fission (irregular binary fission)  ...
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